Русский космизм · Late 19th–early 20th century

Russian Cosmism

러시아 코스미즘

A philosophical and cultural movement that emerged in late 19th-century Russia, integrating science, religion, and metaphysics to explore humanity's cosmic destiny and the possibility of immortality. Nikolai Fyodorov advocated the 'Common Task' of resurrecting ancestors and regulating nature through science; Tsiolkovsky extended it into astronautics, and Vernadsky into the concepts of biosphere and noosphere. Suppressed under the Soviets, it nevertheless left a deep imprint on the space program and later transhumanist thought.

Related people

Nikolai Fyodorov Konstantin Tsiolkovsky Vladimir Vernadsky

Sources

  1. Wikipedia (EN) overview of Russian cosmism as a philosophical movement, its key figures (Fyodorov, Tsiolkovsky, Vernadsky), branches, and legacy
  2. Wikipedia (RU) Russian-language article detailing origins of the term, natural-scientific vs. religious-mystical branches, and principles
  3. e-flux.com scholarly article by Anastasia Gacheva on Fedorov's Philosophy of the Common Task, cosmist aesthetics, and the movement's core ideas of active evolution and overcoming death
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