Truman Doctrine
트루먼 독트린
The Truman Doctrine was a U.S. foreign policy declared by President Harry S. Truman in an address to Congress on March 12, 1947, establishing "the policy of the United States to support free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressures." Announced in response to the Greek Civil War and Soviet pressure on Turkey, it marked the definitive break from the wartime alliance with the USSR and formalized the shift to a Cold War order based on containment. The doctrine led directly to the Marshall Plan (June 1947) and the creation of NATO (1949), anchoring four decades of American Cold War diplomacy.
Related historical events
Sources
- Wikipedia (EN) Core article: Truman's March 12, 1947 speech to Congress; $400 million aid package for Greece and Turkey; containment policy origins; connection to Marshall Plan and NATO.
- Wikipedia (RU) Russian article: Soviet perspective on the doctrine as aimed at limiting socialism and establishing U.S. unipolarity; involvement of Kennan, Dulles, Acheson; confirmation of aid amounts and subsequent Cold War milestones.
- history.state.gov U.S. State Department Office of the Historian: authoritative summary of the doctrine's immediate causes (British withdrawal from Greece/Turkey), the speech text, and its reorientation of U.S. foreign policy from peacetime non-intervention to global intervention.