Flexicurity
유연안정성
An integrated labour market strategy that simultaneously enhances flexibility for employers and security for workers. Coined by Danish Social Democratic Prime Minister Poul Nyrup Rasmussen in the 1990s, the model is built on a 'golden triangle' of liberal hiring and firing rules, generous unemployment benefits, and active labour market policies (ALMP). The EU adopted flexicurity as a core principle of the European Employment Strategy in 2007, but critics warn that without the high welfare spending (5–6% of GDP) and strong union density that underpin the Danish model, it can degenerate into unilateral flexibility at workers' expense.
Sources
- Wikipedia (EN) comprehensive history: term coined by Poul Nyrup Rasmussen in the 1990s, golden triangle model, EU adoption via 2007 Council conclusions
- denmark.dk official Danish government description: three core elements (flexible hiring/firing, unemployment benefits via A-kasse, government retraining and ALMP), no legal minimum wage, 67% union density, 25% annual private-sector job turnover
- employment-social-affairs.ec.europa.eu European Commission: four policy components (flexible contractual arrangements, lifelong learning, active labour market policies, modern social security), monitoring via EMCO indicators since 2012