OGPU troika (extrajudicial commission)
트로이카(OGPU 특별재판)
A three-member administrative (extrajudicial) repression body established under the January 30, 1930 Politburo resolution 'On measures for the elimination of kulak households in districts of comprehensive collectivization.' In each region, an OGPU representative, the secretary of the AUCP(b) regional committee, and the procurator sat together to process first-category kulaks (activists engaged in counter-revolutionary activities) through swift proceedings that afforded defendants no counsel, no public trial, and no right of appeal. OGPU Order No. 44/21 of February 2, 1930 organized operational troikas by region; in 1930 alone approximately 284,000 people were arrested and about 20,000 were sentenced to death.
Sources
- Wikipedia (RU) 30 января 1930 г. постановление Политбюро «О мероприятиях по ликвидации кулацких хозяйств в районах сплошной коллективизации»; три категории кулаков; тройки в составе представителей ОГПУ, обкомов ВКП(б) и прокуратуры
- Wikipedia (EN) January 1930 Politburo authorization of OGPU troikas for kulak screening; composition (state police, local party secretary, state procurator); authority to issue rapid death or exile verdicts without appeal
- en.mapofmemory.org 1st category kulaks sentenced 'after a brief appearance before the troika'; OGPU troika as extrajudicial body of Party, procuracy, and OGPU representatives; ~284,000 arrested and ~20,000 executed in 1930
- sciencespo.fr Nicolas Werth: January 30, 1930 Politburo resolution; OGPU troika sentenced ~20,000 to death in 1930 (GARF 9401/1/4157/201); fivefold overshoot of original 60,000 quota