Leader of Estonia’s communist underground
A Bolshevik active in the 1917 revolution, he led communist underground work in Estonia during the independence struggle. Arrested by the republic’s authorities, he was executed in 1922 and became a commemorated figure under Soviet rule.
Related historical events
- 1918–1922The Civil War and Foreign InterventionLeader of Estonia’s communist undergroundA Bolshevik active in the 1917 revolution, he led communist underground work in Estonia during the independence struggle. Arrested by the republic’s authorities, he was executed in 1922 and became a commemorated figure under Soviet rule.
- 1918.11–1920.10Baltic wars of independence and border settlementsLeader of Estonia’s communist undergroundA Bolshevik active in the 1917 revolution, he led communist underground work in Estonia during the independence struggle. Arrested by the republic’s authorities, he was executed in 1922 and became a commemorated figure under Soviet rule.
Revolution and independence wars
A Bolshevik active in the 1917 revolution, he led communist underground work in Estonia during the independence struggle. Arrested by the republic’s authorities, he was executed in 1922 and became a commemorated figure under Soviet rule.