CommuLingo
People

People of the Revolution and the USSR

Activity

Any Political and party leadership 49 Government and administration 21 Legislature and state representation 14 Monarchs and royalty 3 Military command 39 Security, intelligence and policing 16 Diplomacy and international organization 5 Economy, finance and planning 6 Industry and production 4 Agriculture and land policy 1 Ideology and propaganda 8 Social movements and organizing 15 Scholarship and theory 11 Education 2 Science and technology 4 Literature and arts 5 Law and justice 4

Affiliation

Most people

Any Germany state institutionsstate 52 Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) 31 Communist Party of Germany (KPD) 30 Socialist Unity Party of Germany (SED) 21 Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany (USPD) 21 Nazi party and regime 20 East Germanystate 18 Soviet Unionstate 10

All 20 affiliations

East Germany

Socialist Unity Party of Germany (SED) 21 East Germanystate 18

Germany

Germany state institutionsstate 52 Nazi party and regime 20 Communist Party of Germany (KPD) 30 Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) 31 Communist Party of Germany Opposition (KPO) 2 Christian Democratic Union (CDU) 5 Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany (USPD) 21

Hungary

Hungarystate 3

International organizations

Comintern 3

Russia

Russian Empirestate 2 Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP) 4

Soviet Union

Soviet Communist Party and Bolsheviks 9 ↳ Left Opposition 1 Soviet Unionstate 10

Spain

Spanish Republicstate 2

Ukraine

↳ Soviet Ukrainestate 1

United States

United States state institutionsstate 1 Republican Party (United States) 1

Position

Any Imperial establishment and White movement 2 Counter-revolutionary forces 30 Left critics of Bolshevism 1 Dissident 1 Anarchists 1 Non-Bolshevik socialists 22 Fascists and Nazis 18 Western Marxist theorists 5 Marxism and communism 44 Liberalism and republicanism 1 Conservatism and Christian democracy 7 Monarchy and royalism 3

Citizenship

Any Germany 99 East Germany 20 Soviet Union 8 Hungary 3 Russia 3 United States 3

Background(set)

Any Russia 1139 Germany 136 United States 128 France 125 Ukraine 120 Poland 96 Hungary 86 China 72 United Kingdom 62 Belarus 56 Latvia 43 Georgia 42 Armenia 35 Lithuania 30 Estonia 28 Finland 27 Czechia 25 Japan 25 Spain 21 Azerbaijan 19 Italy 19 Romania 15 Vietnam 15 Czechoslovakia 13 Moldova 13 Democratic People's Republic of Korea 12 Greece 11 Angola 10 Bulgaria 10 Korea 10 Serbia 10 Uzbekistan 10 Cambodia 9 Cuba 9 Albania 8 Austria 8 Yemen 8 Congo - Brazzaville 7 Croatia 7 Kazakhstan 7 Mongolia 7 Turkey 7 Ethiopia 6 Kyrgyzstan 6 Slovakia 6 Afghanistan 5 India 5 Laos 5 Madagascar 5 South Africa 5 Benin 4 Ireland 4 Somalia 4 Tajikistan 4 Turkmenistan 4 Belgium 3 Chile 3 Indonesia 3 Mozambique 3 Netherlands 3 Switzerland 3 Trinidad and Tobago 3 Brazil 2 East Germany 2 Martinique 2 Montenegro 2 Slovenia 2 Argentina 1 Australia 1 Bosnia and Herzegovina 1 Burkina Faso 1 Canada 1 DR Congo 1 Egypt 1 El Salvador 1 Ghana 1 Grenada 1 Guinea-Bissau 1 Guyana 1 Iran 1 Israel 1 Myanmar 1 New Zealand 1 Nicaragua 1 Palestine 1 Peru 1 Portugal 1 South Korea 1 Sweden 1 Tanzania 1

Era

Any

People of the Soviet Union

The old regime and its challengers1905–1917 3 The revolutionary generation1917–1940 3 People of the Stalin era1929–1953 5 People of the thaw and the stagnation1953–1985 1

People of the French Revolution and the Napoleonic era

The Revolution and the Napoleonic era1774–1830 2

People of the wider world

The age of the Internationals and empires1820–1917 9 The revolutionary wave and the world war1917–1945 74 The Cold War and decolonization1945–현재 37 Scholars of this history1892–현재 2

Background: Germany

136 people

By birth A–Z List Cards

Paul Levi Paul Levi From Rosa Luxemburg's lawyer to KPD leader, his 'anti-putschism' took on Comintern adventurism Political and party leadership · Communist Party of Germany (KPD) 1883–1930
Rudolf Lüters Rudolf Lüters Wehrmacht general who directed anti-Partisan operations Military command · Germany state institutions 1883–1945
Otto Nuschke Otto Nuschke Kaiser’s successor at the head of the East German CDU, who brought it into line with the SED as deputy prime minister Government and administration · East Germany 1883–1957
August Thalheimer August Thalheimer Main theorist of the KPD and Bonapartist analyst of fascism Political and party leadership · Communist Party of Germany Opposition (KPO) 1884–1948
Franz Halder Franz Halder Chief of the German Army General Staff who planned Barbarossa and later forged the myth of the "clean Wehrmacht" Military command · Germany state institutions 1884–1972
Albert Kesselring Albert Kesselring Nazi field marshal who built the Luftwaffe and directed the defence of Italy Military command · Germany state institutions 1885–1960
Hermann Hoth Hermann Hoth A German general whose armoured successes were inseparable from crimes on the Eastern Front Military command · Germany state institutions 1885–1971
Ernst Bloch Ernst Bloch Philosopher of the not-yet: thinker of concrete utopia and human emancipation in The Principle of Hope Scholarship and theory 1885–1977
Vasily Vladimirovich Schmidt Василий Владимирович Шмидт The labour commissar who steered the statification of Soviet trade unions Economy, finance and planning · Soviet Union 1886–1938
Ernst Thälmann Ernst Thälmann Hitler's personal prisoner, unbroken by eleven years in solitary Political and party leadership · Communist Party of Germany (KPD) 1886–1944
Karl Korsch Karl Korsch Co-founder of Western Marxism, the German philosopher who challenged Marxist orthodoxy with Marxism and Philosophy Scholarship and theory · Communist Party of Germany (KPD) 1886–1961
Gotthard Heinrici Gotthard Heinrici The Wehrmacht's defensive specialist on the Eastern Front Military command · Germany state institutions 1886–1971
Hugo Eberlein Hugo Eberlein German Communist who abstained on the Comintern’s founding at its first congress and was later shot in the Great Purge Social movements and organizing · Communist Party of Germany (KPD) 1887–1941
Ferenc Szombathelyi Szombathelyi Ferenc Chief of the General Staff who ordered the Bačka intervention behind the Novi Sad massacre and later sought contact with the West Military command · Hungary 1887–1946
Heinrich von Vietinghoff Heinrich von Vietinghoff The general who represented Germany's surrender in Italy Military command · Germany state institutions 1887–1952
Erich von Manstein Erich von Manstein Nazi Germany's finest operational strategist and the apex of the 'clean Wehrmacht' myth Military command · Nazi party and regime 1887–1973
Heinz Guderian Heinz Wilhelm Guderian A leading architect of armoured warfare and a general of Nazi Germany Military command · Germany state institutions 1888–1954
Jakob Kaiser Jakob Kaiser Christian Democrat who led the CDU in the Soviet zone until SMAD removed him, then became West Germany’s minister for all-German affairs Government and administration · Germany state institutions 1888–1961
Karl Pfeffer-Wildenbruch Karl Pfeffer-Wildenbruch Commander of the Waffen-SS IX Mountain Corps who led the German forces in the siege of Budapest and refused to surrender Military command · Nazi party and regime 1888–1971
Willi Münzenberg Willi Münzenberg The 'Red Millionaire' who exposed Nazi terror through publishing, the Comintern's greatest propagandist, who broke with Stalin Ideology and propaganda · Comintern 1889–1940
Vasily Vasilievich Ulrikh Василий Васильевич Ульрих Presiding judge of the Moscow show trials, Stalin's 'judicial guillotine' Law and justice · Soviet Union 1889–1951
Ernst Reuter Ernst Reuter The social democrat who became the voice of divided Berlin Government and administration · Germany state institutions 1889–1953
Alfred Jodl Alfred Jodl An operational architect of Nazi Germany's war Military command · Germany state institutions 1890–1946
Ferenc Feketehalmy-Czeydner Feketehalmy-Czeydner Ferenc Hungarian general who directed the Novi Sad massacre, fled to Germany after his conviction and joined the SS Military command · Hungary 1890–1946
Friedrich Paulus Friedrich Paulus A field commander undone by the collision of orders and reality Military command · Germany state institutions 1890–1957
Walter Model Walter Model Hitler's "fireman" who rushed from crisis to crisis on the Eastern Front, the Wehrmacht's most tenacious defensive commander Military command · Germany state institutions 1891–1945
Helmuth Weidling Helmuth Weidling The final Berlin commander of a collapsing Reich Military command · Germany state institutions 1891–1955
Otto Yulyevich Schmidt Отто Юльевич Шмидт Mathematician who mastered the Arctic through science and built Glavsevmorput Science and technology · Soviet Union 1891–1956
Karl Dönitz Karl Dönitz German naval commander of the U-boat fleet who briefly became head of state after Hitler's death. Military command · Germany state institutions 1891–1980
Walter Benjamin Walter Benjamin Frankfurt School's spectral companion, Marxist critic who dissected capitalist culture through the lens of mechanical reproduction Scholarship and theory 1892–1940
Max Fechner Max Fechner First East German justice minister, dismissed and imprisoned in 1953 after opposing the prosecution of striking workers Law and justice · East Germany 1892–1973
Ernst Toller Ernst Toller German Jewish Expressionist playwright who took part in the Bavarian revolution Literature and arts · Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany (USPD) 1893–1939
Alfred Rosenberg Alfred Rosenberg Baltic German Nazi ideologue from Reval who served as Reich Minister for the Occupied Eastern Territories in 1941–1945 Government and administration · Germany state institutions 1893–1946
Hermann Göring Hermann Göring A Luftwaffe chief who organized Nazi war and plunder Political and party leadership · Nazi party and regime 1893–1946
Joachim von Ribbentrop Joachim von Ribbentrop Nazi Germany’s foreign minister, he played a key role in negotiating the German-Soviet nonaggression pact. Diplomacy and international organization · Germany state institutions 1893–1946
Wilhelm Zaisser Wilhelm Zaisser First East German Minister for State Security, purged in 1953 after trying to replace Ulbricht Security, intelligence and policing · East Germany 1893–1958
Hermann Matern Hermann Matern SED Politburo member and chairman of the Central Party Control Commission who stood by Ulbricht in 1953 Political and party leadership · Socialist Unity Party of Germany (SED) 1893–1971
Walter Ulbricht Walter Ulbricht German communist leader who built the GDR and erected the Berlin Wall Political and party leadership · Socialist Unity Party of Germany (SED) 1893–1973
Otto Grotewohl Otto Grotewohl The Social Democrat who led a divided state into being Government and administration · East Germany 1894–1964
Dietrich von Hugo Hermann Choltitz Dietrich von Choltitz The German general who surrendered Paris rather than destroy it Military command · Nazi party and regime 1894–1966
Friedrich Ebert Jr. Friedrich Ebert junior A social democrat who moved from municipal politics into state power amid Germany's division Political and party leadership · Socialist Unity Party of Germany (SED) 1894–1979
Rudolf Hess Rudolf Hess Nazi Party leader and Hitler’s deputy, sentenced to life imprisonment at the Nuremberg trials. Political and party leadership · Nazi party and regime 1894–1987
Richard Gustavovich Sorge Рихард Густавович Зорге The spy who stole the war’s timetable in Tokyo Security, intelligence and policing · Soviet Union 1895–1944
Oskar Dirlewanger Oskar Dirlewanger SS special-unit commander implicated in the Wola massacre Military command · Nazi party and regime 1895–1945
Friedrich Jeckeln Friedrich Jeckeln Higher SS and Police Leader who directed the mass shootings at Kamianets-Podilskyi, Babi Yar and Rumbula Security, intelligence and policing · Nazi party and regime 1895–1946
Kurt Schumacher Kurt Schumacher SPD leader who survived ten years in Nazi camps and, after the war, refused the merger with the Communists Political and party leadership · Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) 1895–1952
Erich Gniffke Erich Gniffke SPD organiser in the Soviet zone who signed the merger with the KPD, then left the SED in 1948 and fled west Social movements and organizing · Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) 1895–1964
Hinrich Lohse Hinrich Lohse Nazi Gauleiter of Schleswig-Holstein who, as Reichskommissar for Ostland in 1941–1944, ordered the ghettoisation and expropriation of Jews Government and administration · Germany state institutions 1896–1964
Joseph Goebbels Joseph Goebbels Nazi Party propaganda chief and minister who promoted antisemitism and dictatorship. Ideology and propaganda · Germany state institutions 1897–1945
Ludwig Erhard Ludwig Erhard The West German economic statesman who shaped currency reform and the social market economy Economy, finance and planning · Germany state institutions 1897–1977

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