Anglo-Soviet Alliance (1942) and Franco-Soviet Treaty (1944)
영소동맹조약(1942)·프랑스-소련 동맹조약(1944)
These two treaties were Soviet alliances with Britain and France against Germany during the Second World War. The 1942 Anglo-Soviet treaty provided for mutual military assistance and barred a separate peace with Germany, while the 1944 Franco-Soviet treaty committed both parties to wartime aid and cooperation against any renewed German aggression. Together they institutionalised Soviet cooperation with Western European states in the wartime and postwar security settlement.
In depth
The Anglo-Soviet treaty was signed in London on 26 May 1942. Its first part required military and other assistance in the war against Germany and prohibited a separate armistice or peace; its second part addressed postwar European security and economic cooperation and was to last twenty years. The Franco-Soviet treaty was signed in Moscow on 10 December 1944. It committed both parties to fight until final victory, provide assistance against Germany, and oppose arrangements that could enable renewed German aggression. The paired agreements sought to carry wartime cooperation into the postwar security order, but the Soviet Union declared them void in 1955 as West Germany entered NATO.
Sources
- Wikipedia (EN) (1942년 영소 조약의 체결일, 군사·정치 동맹 성격과 전후 20년 조항을 뒷받침)
- Wikipedia (EN) (프랑스-소련 상호원조 조약의 동맹 성격과 상호 군사원조 조항을 뒷받침)
- avalon.law.yale.edu (1942년 조약 원문: 독일에 대한 상호 군사원조, 별도 강화 금지, 전후 협력과 존속기간을 뒷받침)
- evols.library.manoa.hawaii.edu (1944년 프랑스-소련 조약 원문 전재: 독일에 대한 공동전쟁, 상호원조, 별도 강화 금지, 20년 존속 및 갱신 조항을 뒷받침)