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People
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Position
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Era
People of the Soviet Union
People of the wider world
GlossarySoviet Communist Party and Bolsheviks→
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Dmitry Andreyevich Furmanov Дмитрий Андреевич Фурманов
The commissar-writer who turned Chapaev into a Soviet myth
Literature and arts · Soviet Communist Party and Bolsheviks
1891–1926
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Artur Khristianovich Artuzov Артур Христианович Артузов
Co-founder of Soviet intelligence & counterintelligence; brain of Operation Trust
Security, intelligence and policing · Soviet Union state institutions
1891–1937
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Evgeny Bronislavovich Pashukanis Евгений Брониславович Пашуканис
The Marxist legal philosopher who argued the legal form corresponds to commodity exchange: the most radical critic of Soviet law from within
Law and justice · Soviet Communist Party and Bolsheviks
1891–1937
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Alexander Georgiyevich Beloborodov Александр Георгиевич Белобородов
NKVD chief who signed the Romanov execution and joined the Left Opposition
Security, intelligence and policing · Soviet Union state institutions
1891–1938
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Genrikh Grigoryevich Yagoda Генрих Григорьевич Ягода
The NKVD chief who expanded the Gulag and became a purge defendant
Security, intelligence and policing · Soviet Union state institutions
1891–1938
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Mikhail Alexandrovich Chernov Михаил Александрович Чернов
The commissar who ran agriculture through the second Five-Year Plan, from grain procurement to VDNKh
Agriculture and land policy · Soviet Union state institutions
1891–1938
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Yefim Georgiyevich Yevdokimov Ефим Георгиевич Евдокимов
Architect of the Shakhty case and boss of the North Caucasus
Security, intelligence and policing · Soviet Union state institutions
1891–1940
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Alexander Nikolayevich Poskrebyshev Александр Николаевич Поскрёбышев
Stalin's shadow: secretary who filtered all information, drafted the 1936 Constitution & Short Course, ran the Special Sector for 25 years
Social movements and organizing · Soviet Communist Party and Bolsheviks
1891–1965
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Alexander Vasilyevich Gorbatov Александр Васильевич Горбатов
The army general who survived Kolyma, took Berlin, and testified to Stalin-era repression
Military command · Soviet Union state institutions
1891–1973
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Ephraim Markovich Sklyansky Эфраим Маркович Склянский
Trotsky's Carnot: the Red Army's administrative brain, erased by Stalinism
Military command · Soviet Union state institutions
1892–1925
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Pyotr Ionovich Baranov Пётр Ионович Баранов
Principal architect of the Soviet Air Force and aviation industry
Military command · Soviet Union state institutions
1892–1933
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Mikhail Iosifovich Litvin Михаил Иосифович Литвин
Yezhov's personnel chief who purged 14,000 Chekists
Security, intelligence and policing · Soviet Union state institutions
1892–1938
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Nikolai Petrovich Gorbunov Николай Петрович Горбунов
Architect of Soviet science administration, from Lenin's personal secretary to Academy permanent secretary
Government and administration · Soviet Union state institutions
1892–1938
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Fyodor Fyodorovich Raskolnikov Фёдор Фёдорович Раскольников
From Volga flotilla commander to exile critic: the diplomat who wrote Stalin an open letter
Diplomacy and international organization · Soviet Union state institutions
1892–1939
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Mirsaid Khaydargalievich Sultan-Galiev Мирсаид Хайдаргалиевич Султан-Галиев
The architect of Islamic socialism and national communism who became Stalin's first ideological purge victim
Political and party leadership · Soviet Union state institutions
1892–1940
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Stepan Maximovich Petrichenko Степан Максимович Петриченко
The sailor who led the Kronstadt rebellion, became a Soviet spy, and died in a camp
Political and party leadership · Kronstadt Provisional Revolutionary Committee
1892–1947
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Sergei Yakovlevich Zhuk Сергей Яковлевич Жук
Stalin's chief hydraulic engineer who designed the Gulag canal network
Industry and production · Soviet Union state institutions
1892–1957
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Andrei Vasilyevich Khrulev Андрей Васильевич Хрулёв
The invisible commander who moved the war, the only supply general Stalin toasted as architect of victory
Military command · Soviet Union state institutions
1892–1962
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Konstantin Aleksandrovich Fedin Константин Александрович Федин
Novelist who began as a Serapion Brother and became the chief gatekeeper of Soviet literature for 18 years
Literature and arts · Soviet Union state institutions
1892–1977
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Ivan Vladimirovich Tyulenev Иван Владимирович Тюленев
The cavalry general who bolted the Caucasus gate, witness to three wars
Military command · Soviet Union state institutions
1892–1978
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Boris Mikhailovich Hessen Борис Михайлович Гессен
The Marxist historian of science who revealed the socio-economic roots of Newton's mechanics; first dean of MSU physics
Science and technology · Soviet Union state institutions
1893–1936
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Karl Viktorovich Pauker Карл Викторович Паукер
The operations chief who guarded Stalin
Security, intelligence and policing · Soviet Union state institutions
1893–1937
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Mendel Markovich Khataevich Мендель Маркович Хатаевич
The party secretary who warned Molotov that grain seizures would leave nobody to plant, shot four years later
Social movements and organizing · Soviet Communist Party and Bolsheviks
1893–1937
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Mikhail Nikolayevich Tukhachevsky Михаил Николаевич Тухачевский
“The Red Napoleon,” killed by the army he built
Military command · Soviet Union state institutions
1893–1937
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Sergei Ivanovich Syrtsov Сергей Иванович Сырцов
The RSFSR premier who turned against Stalin from Siberia
Political and party leadership · Soviet Communist Party and Bolsheviks
1893–1937
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Vladimir Ivanovich Polonsky Владимир Иванович Полонский
Bolshevik Orgotdel chief and trade-union officer purged in 1937
Social movements and organizing · Soviet Communist Party and Bolsheviks
1893–1937
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Klavdiya Ivanovna Nikolaeva Клавдия Ивановна Николаева
The printworker who rose to the Central Committee: a proletarian woman revolutionary
Social movements and organizing · Soviet Communist Party and Bolsheviks
1893–1944
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Grigory Naumovich Voitinsky Григорий Наумович Войтинский
The Comintern's first envoy who midwifed the Chinese Communist Party
Diplomacy and international organization · Comintern
1893–1953
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Lazar Moiseyevich Kaganovich Лазарь Моисеевич Каганович
'Iron Lazar', Stalin's hard-line enforcer
Social movements and organizing · Soviet Communist Party and Bolsheviks
1893–1991
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Yan Borisovich Gamarnik Ян Борисович Гамарник
The Red Army's political chief who backed the purges, then shot himself as they closed in
Military command · Soviet Union state institutions
1894–1937
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Lev Yefimovich Maryasin Лев Ефимович Марьясин
The Gosbank chairman Stalin called 'our Red banker' and removed a week later
Economy, finance and planning · Soviet Union state institutions
1894–1938
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Nikolai Kirillovich Antipov Николай Кириллович Антипов
The control commissar who ran Stalin's personnel-appointment machinery
Economy, finance and planning · Soviet Union state institutions
1894–1938
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Sergei Naumovich Mironov Сергей Наумович Миронов
The 'North Caucasian' Chekist who opened the mass operations in West Siberia
Security, intelligence and policing · Soviet Union state institutions
1894–1940
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Maksim Alexeyevich Purkayev Максим Алексеевич Пуркаев
Mordvin carpenter's son who rose to Army General and led the Manchurian offensive
Military command · Soviet Union state institutions
1894–1953
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Semyon Ilyich Bogdanov Семён Ильич Богданов
The tank army commander who first entered Berlin, sidelined after Stalin's death
Military command · Soviet Union state institutions
1894–1960
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Yakov Ilyich Golev Яков Ильич Голев
The finance technocrat who led Gosbank through the post-war reconstruction years
Economy, finance and planning · Soviet Union state institutions
1894–1960
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Alexander Ivanovich Todorsky Александр Иванович Тодорский
The Vesyegonsk chronicler of Soviet power whose book Lenin called 'remarkable'
Military command · Soviet Union state institutions
1894–1965
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Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev Никита Сергеевич Хрущёв
He opened the coffin lid, and became the first leader to die in bed
Political and party leadership · Soviet Communist Party and Bolsheviks
1894–1971
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Vasily Mikhailovich Zarubin Василий Михайлович Зарубин
The NKVD rezident who ran a Gestapo mole and coordinated Soviet atomic espionage in America
Security, intelligence and policing · Soviet Union state institutions
1894–1972
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Sergei Vladimirovich Ilyushin Сергей Владимирович Ильюшин
Founder of Ilyushin OKB. His Il-2 Sturmovik remains the most-produced combat aircraft in history
Industry and production · Soviet Union state institutions
1894–1977
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Ivan Mikhailovich Gronsky Иван Михайлович Гронский
The literary commissar who coined 'socialist realism' with Stalin
Ideology and propaganda · Soviet Union state institutions
1894–1985
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Ivan Dmitriyevich Papanin Иван Дмитриевич Папанин
The face of Soviet polar exploration who charted the Arctic from a drifting ice floe
Science and technology · Soviet Union state institutions
1894–1986
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Nikolai Alexandrovich Shchors Николай Александрович Щорс
Legendary Red Army division commander whom Stalin called the 'Ukrainian Chapayev'
Military command · Soviet Union state institutions
1895–1919
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Boris Petrovich Sheboldaev Борис Петрович Шеболдаев
Party master of the Azov-Black Sea krai, brought down on the eve of the Great Terror
Social movements and organizing · Soviet Communist Party and Bolsheviks
1895–1937
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Georgy Yevgenyevich Prokofiev Георгий Евгеньевич Прокофьев
The deputy commissar who manufactured the wrecking cases
Security, intelligence and policing · Soviet Union state institutions
1895–1937
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Grigory Naumovich Kaminsky Григорий Наумович Каминский
First USSR People's Commissar for Health, a founder of Soviet preventive medicine
Agriculture and land policy · Soviet Union state institutions
1895–1938
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Pavel Petrovich Bulanov Павел Петрович Буланов
Yagoda's secretary who staged the Moscow trials and became a defendant himself
Security, intelligence and policing · Soviet Union state institutions
1895–1938
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Semyon Petrovich Uritsky Семён Петрович Урицкий
GRU chief who expanded Soviet military intelligence, then fell to the Great Purge
Military command · Soviet Union state institutions
1895–1938
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Izrail Yakovlevich Dagin Израиль Яковлевич Дагин
From North Caucasus NKVD chief to government protection head, an executor of the Great Terror
Security, intelligence and policing · Soviet Union state institutions
1895–1940
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Nikolai Ivanovich Yezhov Николай Иванович Ежов
The Bloody Dwarf, an executor of the Great Terror shaped by the party personnel apparatus
Security, intelligence and policing · Soviet Union state institutions
1895–1940