Volunteer general who led the Redshirts in South America, defended Rome in 1849 and won the south for unification with the Thousand in 1860
A sailor born in Nice, he joined Young Italy, took part in the Piedmontese rising of 1834 and, sentenced to death, fled to South America. For fourteen years he fought for the Riograndense Republic and in the Uruguayan Civil War, leading the red-shirted Italian Legion. Back in Italy in 1848 he fought as a general of the provisional government of Milan, and in 1849 as a general of the Roman Republic he resisted the French before leaving Rome with 4,000 men. After a new exile he led the Hunters of the Alps in 1859 and in 1860, in the name of Victor Emmanuel II, led the Expedition of the Thousand that brought the south into the united kingdom. He commanded the Army of the Vosges in 1870 and supported the Paris Commune and the International. He died on Caprera in 1882.
Also known as: Giuseppe Maria Garibaldi
Activities and affiliations
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1833–1834
Social movements and organizing
- 1835–1848
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1849
Military command
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1859
Kingdom of Sardinia state institutions
Military command
Career Timeline
- 1834Took part in the Piedmontese rising; sentenced to death
- 1835–1848Commanded the Italian Legion in Brazil and Uruguay
- 1848Volunteer general of the provisional government of Milan
- 1849General of the Roman Republic
- 1859Commander of the Hunters of the Alps
- 1860Expedition of the Thousand
- 1870–1871Commander of the Army of the Vosges
Related historical events
- 1848.01–1849.08The Italian Revolutions of 1848–1849 and the First War of IndependenceVolunteer general for Milan, commander in the defence of RomeBack from South America, he led volunteers for the provisional government of Milan in 1848, beat off the French on 30 April 1849 and left Rome with 4,000 men just before it fell.
- 1848–1849The Revolutions of 1848Commander in the defence of the Roman RepublicDefended Rome against the French expedition in 1849.