Neue Rheinische Zeitung
신라인 신문
The daily newspaper published in Cologne from 1 June 1848 to 19 May 1849 with Karl Marx as editor-in-chief, subtitled "Organ of Democracy". Produced by Communist League members including Engels, Wilhelm Wolff, Georg Weerth and Freiligrath, it called for a single, indivisible democratic republic and a war against Russia for the restoration of Poland. It closed with its 301st issue, printed in red ink, after the Prussian government ordered Marx's expulsion.
In depth
The "democracy" of the subtitle meant the revolutionary "democratic front" of the progressive petty bourgeoisie, the working class and the peasantry. Its circulation of 3,000 to 6,000 far exceeded the League's 200 to 300 members, and the historian Vasilyeva regards it as the centre of the League's activity during the revolution. Suspended during the state of siege in Cologne in September 1848, it reappeared in October.
Marx wrote at least 80 articles, and his economic series of April 1849 later became Wage-Labour and Capital. On 16 May 1849 Marx was ordered expelled, and in the last issue of 19 May he wrote, "When our turn comes, we shall not make excuses for the terror." In 1850 six issues of a monthly Neue Rheinische Zeitung: Politisch-ökonomische Revue appeared from London.